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Vendors are Deflecting Liability for Anything 'AI'
Large vendors are rewriting terms to deflect liability for AI; smaller vendors are following suit. See exactly what they're deflecting.
Major vendors such as JPMorgan and Nasdaq are amending their terms of service to deflect liability for AI risks. Smaller vendors are following suit, including but not limited to Docker, ElevenLabs, Splunk, LexisNexis, and Predictive Index.
New clauses disclaim responsibility for:
Actions and output from AI features and integrated third-party AI
External agents using vendors' systems
and the confidentiality of data processed by AI.
Liability for first-party AI features and integrated third-party AI
Vendors shipping AI features and integrating with external AI capabilities are increasingly publishing provisions that deflect responsibility for harmful AI outputs. This includes agents taking erroneous actions, inaccurate outputs in sensitive contexts, and IP-infringing outputs.
Examples include:
ElevenLabs disclaims liability for any output generated by third-party providers; they use OpenAI, Anthropic, and Gemini models as a major part of the service.
LexisNexis disclaims responsibility for harms resulting from users relying on web-sourced content pulled in by its AI, including with respect to IP-infringing outputs.
Splunk disclaims risks from its own agentic AI except in cases of gross negligence, defects, or misconduct.
Docker goes the extra mile, covering damages from their AI capabilities and use of third-party AI, even going so far as to require customers to indemnify Docker in court should harm occur.
Liability for third-party AI using their services
In addition to vendors deflecting risk for use of their AI features and AI integrations, vendors are also seeking to disclaim any risks from their features being used by external AI tools. Examples include JPMorgan Chase and, more recently, Robinhood (which has announced Agentic Trading via MCP).
Some of these terms are very difficult or impossible to adhere to. For example, JPMorgan's Terms of Use require an AI Agent to identify itself, stating:
"AI Agents must promptly and truthfully respond to any question or prompt seeking to determine if interactions are coming from a human or an AI Agent."
This is fundamentally impossible for non-deterministic LLMs to achieve with 100% efficacy.
Their terms go on to indicate that users are fully responsible for all actions taken by agents they leverage, even "if it performs unintended actions or exceeds the authority you gave it."
Liability for customer data privacy and handling
The third group of changes concerns the privacy of model inputs and associated outputs. These changes provide vendors the rights to reuse or share inputs and outputs from AI features, stating they are not liable for this data being divulged. As examples:
Nasdaq reserves "the right to reproduce and/or otherwise use customer provided information in any manner for purposes of training artificial intelligence technologies," and disclaims responsibility for the accuracy of its GenAI output.
Predictive Index's addendum, effective May 15, 2026, warns that prompts "may be divulged or revealed by the AI Functionality to someone else," may be retained to "influence future outputs," and that "complete isolation or deletion of a Prompt from the AI Functionality may not be technically feasible."